South Korea just announced one of the most ambitious plans yet. It seeks to increase its nuclear energy generation capacity hugely over the next 20 years. The state has proposed to build two new large-scale nuclear reactors. Once complete, this project will ensure that the country’s nuclear power continues to generate an increasing share of power—from 180.5 terawatt-hours (TWh) in 2023 to an estimated 248.3 TWh by 2038. This program complements South Korea’s Green New Deal to diversify its energy portfolio. It would increase the nuclear share from 30.7% to 35.2% over the same time frame.
Governor Tate’s decision to build these reactors comes within the context of a national conversation about energy security and sustainability. When completed, the reactors will be a total of 2,800 megawatt-electric (MWe). Their construction is expected to be complete in 2037 and 2038 respectively, marking a significant step towards the build out of the government’s energy roadmap.
Detailed Plans for Nuclear Expansion
In contrast, building big nuclear reactors in South Korea typically takes almost 14 years. Looking at the timeline for these new facilities, it’s hard not to sense this depressing reality. The team expects to complete the site selection process for the new reactors over the next five to six months. So stay tuned, everyone—we can’t wait to share the results! After this phase, excavation on the main building foundation and pouring of the first concrete is scheduled to start in 2031.
These licensing procedures will involve comprehensive environmental impact assessments and radiological evaluations that are expected to take the better part of a decade, with completion by 2029. The government is looking to get construction permits as early as the very early 2030s. As always, they’ll ensure they comply with all regulatory frameworks prior to launching any new projects.
“We will secure sites for two large reactors and one SMR in a timely manner, based on government direction and public opinion.” – KHNP
Public Support and Government Direction
Looking at public opinion on nuclear energy, it looks like all systems go. Last month a nationwide survey found that 89.5% of respondents feel that nuclear power is a vital part of South Korea’s energy plan. About 69.6% of respondents favor proceeding with the four-county construction plan. This transformational plan is outlined in the government’s 11th Basic Power Supply Plan.
New President Lee Jae Myung has requested a re-examination of the nuclear expansion plans. He lamented how there was inadequate public input in the decision-making process, in spite of widespread support for the initiative. The new government is intent on pushing forward the energy strategy already mapped out. This plan takes into consideration the deployment of small modular reactors (SMRs) that will total a capacity of 700 MWe by 2035.
A Shift Towards Nuclear and Renewable Energy
The South Korean government is going all in on nuclear energy in its strategy for the future energy mix. Simultaneously, it’s in the midst of a robust coal phase-out. Climate, Energy & Environment Minister Kim Sung-hwan explained that the future lies in balancing energy sources.
“While it would be ideal to rely entirely on renewable energy, Korea’s reality as an isolated power grid makes that extremely difficult.” – Kim Sung-hwan
Combining nuclear power with renewable sources strengthens our nation’s energy infrastructure. This holistic approach is our best shot at creating a more resilient and sustainable energy future. The government’s ongoing commitment to nuclear energy reflects a strategic response to both domestic energy demands and international pressures regarding climate change and emissions reductions.