Researchers at Sciensano, the Belgian Federal Institute, have achieved a big success. They created a proof-of-concept for enhanced detection techniques to find genome-edited organisms. This innovative study, part of the DARWIN project, reveals that it is possible to detect and accurately identify specific gene-edited lines even at remarkably low levels of 0.9% and 0.1%. These results are of tremendous importance to food safety interventions and regulatory compliance and adherence. To the degree that they increase our capacity to trace gene-edited products down the food chain, they help us protect consumer interests.
The study’s authors have pioneered a genetic fingerprint approach. This pioneering approach, which originated by “mining” past genome databases, features contributions from… Full Text This starts with contributions from Nancy Roosens, Head of Division for Transversal Activity in Applied Genomics, at Sciensano. This approach allows us to detect genome-edited rice with high specificity. It focuses in particular on a Nipponbare rice line that has a single nucleotide variation induced by CRISPR-Cas.
Advancements in Detection Technology
Further, the study demonstrates a new detection approach using targeted high-throughput sequencing. Each genetic barcode is made up of a unique combination of only two single nucleotide variations (SNVs). This approach has great potential for improving detection capabilities, in that it can identify gene-edited organisms with very high specificity.
While this signposts a major opportunity, it highlights the need for more R&D to be done before deployment at scale can take place.
“While this approach holds great promise as a pioneering strategy, its broader application is not without challenges.”
This research goes well beyond detection. Its implications are profound. Most importantly, it demonstrates how regulatory agencies can more effectively oversee the safety of gene-edited organisms. As discussions surrounding gene-edited plants continue within the European Union, Roosens notes that:
This implies that in parallel with the development of new regulatory frameworks should be the development of better tools and methodologies by which to monitor compliance.
“In the context of ongoing EU discussions on gene-edited plants, the study indicates that detection can be technically feasible when sufficient genomic information is provided.”
This is encouraging These findings are hopeful, yet the study notes many limitations. This approach is most efficient when used for gene-edited lines for which the genetic background is well-characterized. It needs a fully sequenced genome to work at full capacity. Roosens cautions that:
Limitations and Future Directions
This highlights the critical need for data sharing between researchers and regulatory agencies to improve detection workflows.
“The method is expected to be applicable primarily to gene-edited lines with a well-characterized and fully sequenced genetic background, particularly when supported by publicly accessible databases covering the main diversity of species.”
Despite the methodology showing technical feasibility, widespread routine application will need to overcome some critical challenges. Roosens elaborates on this point:
This reflects a major opportunity for continued collaboration and development within the scientific community.
“However, routine application will still require overcoming key challenges. Sharing detailed information on specific modifications and the genetic background of genome-edited products would make the creation of unique fingerprints more efficient and cost-effective for competent authorities.”
Improved capability to detect genome-edited organisms at low levels has been another important milestone in providing food safety. Public fears about genetically modified organisms (GMOs) have reached new heights. Improved detection techniques such as this one’s nearly indiscriminate toehold in a fancy cupcake open new horizons to better transparency in food labeling and safety regulation.
Implications for Food Safety
The research, published in Food Research International, illustrates the important role new scientific techniques can play. These approaches are key to addressing the highly complex challenges in food technology today. The DOI for the study is 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117218.
The study, published in Food Research International, underscores the importance of innovative scientific approaches in addressing contemporary challenges in food technology. The DOI for the study is 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.117218.