An international cohort of researchers led by Columbia University has created a novel quantum sensing method capable of simultaneously measuring multiple optical parameters with unparalleled precision. This creative new approach makes visualizing the complex analysis of optical networks easier. It allows scientists to precisely gauge three different parameters at once in one “view,” with maximal quantum accuracy. The research explaining this major breakthrough was recently published in The European Physical Journal Plus.
This new technique removes the burden of having to analyze each optical parameter separately, simplifying both the measurement and interpretation process. Second, it was able to estimate unknown phase shifts—tiny delays or advances in the timing of a light wave’s oscillation as it propagates through space. Furthermore, it quantifies an unknown beam splitter reflectivity, indicating the relative intensity of light that is reflected vs transmitted.
Interferometry-Based Quantum Sensing Scheme
At the heart of this novel approach is an interferometry-based quantum sensing scheme. This new state-of-the-art approach enables the simultaneous estimation of several parameters in an optical network, thereby increasing the measurement efficiency to a great extent. Using experimental trial and error, the researchers were able to show the advantages of their technique even in experimental schemes that accurately estimate three parameters simultaneously.
The sensitivity of this new quantum sensing technique is what makes it particularly outstanding. Its size scales linearly with the effective number of photons emitted from light sources used. This includes both laser light and squeezed light. The more photons, the greater the measurement accuracy. This implementation represents an important advancement towards more reliable data that can be used in many other applications.
Achieving Heisenberg Scaling Sensitivity
Perhaps the most impressive accomplishment of this research is the feat of realizing Heisenberg scaling sensitivity within a two-channel optical network. This kind of sensitivity makes all the difference. It allows for the ultra-precise measurements necessary for applications such as quantum communication or super-resolved imaging systems. The researchers are understandably thrilled by this breakthrough. They’re hoping that it will lead to new directions of inquiry, both in the fundamentals and applications of quantum mechanics.
The team’s present work involves extending their findings to infect more than three parameters in more complex optical networks. There’s still tremendous room to advance quantum sensing’s capabilities through future work. This breakthrough will lead to more advanced, efficient analyses and applications in every area from telecommunications to medical diagnostics.
Research Publication and Ongoing Developments
The results of this study were published online in The European Physical Journal Plus DOI: 10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06805-z. The researchers are extremely passionate and dedicated to pushing the boundaries of quantum sensing. Their commitment is ensuring that the collaborative research will open new horizons in optical physics and engineering.