For instance, scientists in New Zealand are testing the idea of constructing barriers in the open ocean to prevent warm water from reaching glaciers. Magma under ice This novel strategy aims to preemptively curb glacial calving, concentrating efforts on Greenland’s biggest curtain of ice, Sermeq Kujalleq. This is why experts caution that while the idea sounds good in theory, its unintended consequences for marine ecosystems and the livelihoods of coastal communities are severe.
In the United States, Steve Mark Hopwood and his colleagues are at the forefront of this important research. To support their argument, they point to the warm water entering in fjords and under ice shelves. This anthropogenic forcing is the primary driver of glacier abolition as global temperatures continue to rise. The Ilulissat Icefjord in Greenland (behind) is a thrilling research site. Scientists paddle oceanography kayaks to tow sensors under the ice to collect vital data on its dynamics.
Challenges of Glacier-Guarding Barriers
Although the idea of glacier-guarding barriers is becoming more popular, this concept is still very hypothetical and impractical for now. The advent of such walls brings forth a major conundrum, one that is challenging both from a technical and social perspective. Hopwood’s research suggests that such barriers may substantially alter local ecology, especially by affecting the density of phytoplankton near the water’s surface.
The ecological implications of such a disruption are concerning, as phytoplankton is an important food source for fish and other marine species. In return, these fish populations, our collective fish populations, are vital to the tens of thousands of Greenlanders who depend on them for their need. The proposed barriers’ fish migration patterns would be incredibly disruptive, adding tensions to the already fragile marine ecosystem.
“unlikely to be socially acceptable” – Mark James Hopwood et al, [“Glacier Geoengineering May Have Unintended Consequences for Marine Ecosystems and Fisheries, AGU Advances (2025). DOI: 10.1029/2025AV001732“]
The Future of Geoengineering
The interest in geoengineering solutions, including glacier-guarding barriers, is expected to grow in the coming decades as climate change impacts become more pronounced. Scientists argue that while geoengineering may offer potential solutions to combat rising temperatures, it is essential to consider the broader implications of such interventions.
Scientists such as Hopwood are beginning to go further with their research. Most importantly, they want to ensure that strong assessments are required for all new and proposed ways to keep new problems from creating even more new problems. Given the considerable uncertainty regarding the effectiveness of glacier-guarding barriers, it is unclear if they are feasible as a long-term solution.
Community Impact and Considerations
The Indigenous and local communities who rely on marine resources should be included, early and often, in discussions around glacier protection strategies. Any disruption caused by the implementation of ocean barriers could lead to significant economic repercussions for those reliant on fishing.
As the scientific community continues to explore various geoengineering techniques, it is vital to engage with local stakeholders to understand their needs and concerns. The intersection between glacier conservation and marine ecosystem protection will require careful consideration to minimize jurisdictional clashes.